The study of phenotypes and their variation often provides evidence for phylogenetic inferences in plant systematics. Therefore, it is critical that the phenotypes analyzed reflect as directly as possible the underlying genotypes. The equation between...
Sufficient conditions are obtained that ensure that a lifetime density has a bathtub-shaped failure rate. Analogous conditions handle increasing, decreasing, and upside-down bathtub-shaped failure rates. Application of these results to exponential families...
We examine the impact of Chinese import competition on broad measures of technical change—patenting, IT, and TFP—using new panel data across twelve European countries from 1996 to 2007. In particular, we establish that the absolute volume of innovation...
Background: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists is co-ordinating the development of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) in psychiatry, funded under the National Mental Health Strategy (Australia) and the New Zealand Health Funding...
It is often argued that efficiency considerations require society to freely permit insider trading. In this article, an opposing efficiency argument is formalized. The model incorporates an investment stage followed by a trading stage. If "outsiders"...
Real world research is a common responsibility of professionals and practitioners in a wide range of both public and private settings. These include teachers, social workers and health service professionals, managers and specialists in business, architects,...
The United States became the world's preeminent manufacturing nation at the turn of the twentieth century. This study considers the bases for this success by examining the factor content of trade in manufactured goods. Surprisingly, the most distinctive...
Urban trees occupy a wide variety of habitats, from a single specimen competing in the urban jungle to extensive remnant or planted forest stands. Each is shown to produce distinct micro- to local scale climates contributing to the larger urban climate...
Economists have argued that welfare migration leads to a race to the bottom in the choice of welfare benefits. Although a system of federal matching grants can remedy this problem, the recent welfare reform law replaced the existing matching-grant structure...
We deal with the monadic (second-order) theory of order. We prove all known results in a unified way, show a general way of reduction, prove more results and show the limitation on extending them. We prove (CH) that the monadic theory of the real order...
Arithmetical operations were assumed to remain attached to primitive behavioral models that influence tacitly the choice of an operation even after the learner has had solid formal-algorithmic training. The model for multiplication was conjectured to...
As increasingly powerful informatics systems are designed, developed, and implemented, they inevitably affect larger, more heterogeneous groups of people and more organizational areas. In turn, the major challenges to system success are often more behavioral...
Eliseo J. Pérez-Stable, Anna Nápoles-Springer, Jose M. Miramontes
The importance of both social processes and of representational aids for learning is well-established, yet few experimental studies have addressed the combination of these factors. The research reported in this article evaluates the influence of tools...
In the Health and Retirement Study respondents were asked about the chances they would live to 75 or to 85. We analyze these responses to determine if they behave like probabilities of survival, if their averages are close to average probabilities in...
A number of researchers have hypothesized that neighborhood context may influence police behavior. Data from sixty neighborhoods located in three large U.S. cities were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analyses of five measures of police behavior...
Most teachers estimate that it takes them at least 20 to 40 minutes to comment on an individual student paper, and those 20 to 40 minutes times 20 students per class, times 8 papers, more or less, during the course of a semester add up to an enormous...
In this systematic review, the authors analyze the functionality provided by recent computer-based guideline implementation systems and characterize the effectiveness of the systems. Twenty-five studies published between 1992 and January 1998 were identified....
Correlations between legislative support scores and presidential popularity do not accurately reflect the relationship between public opinion and presidential influence in Congress. Presidents make strategic choices to expend their public prestige to...
Youngjiu Dai, Minghua Zhang, Cecilia M. Bitz, J. Rasch, W. J. Collins, A. Boville, James R. McCaa, P. Briegleb, T. Kiehl, L. Williamson, Shian-Jiann Lin
Gary H. Jefferson, Thomas G. Rawski, Yuxin Zheng
over a period of 5 and 9 months, respectively. The overall incidence of the t(12;21) in pediatric ALL is 18.9%. The 63 with a favorable prognosis has been the hyperdiploid group (DNA index i1.16 o1.6). Our findings reinforce the need to cases positive...
An approach for seismic data analysis is provided. In accordance with various embodiments, the active learning approaches are employed in conjunction with an analysis algorithm that is used to process the seismic data. Algorithms that may employ such...
This document describes a protocol for transferring unbounded streamsof multimedia data. It specifies the data format of the files and theactions to be taken by the server (sender) and the clients (receivers)of the streams. It describes version 7 of this...
A formal theory demonstrating the applicability of attribution concepts and research findings to the psychology of religion is developed and discussed. First, an overview of attribution theory is presented, wherein it is argued that three basic needs...
transformations in general and to the study of global contact transformations in the special case of euclidean space. In attempting to generalize Lie's results to more general manifolds, it becomes clear that there are intrinsic global differences between...
In 2010, we published a review summarising the available literature on surgical anatomy of the prostate and adjacent structures involved in cancer control and the functional outcome of prostatectomy.
Does religion promote prosocial behavior? A verdict is not clear. Methodological and theoretical weaknesses in recent studies correlating religious orientation with social values (e.g., prejudice) led to the proposal of a new three dimensional model of...
In markets in which first-time purchases are rare, advertising, if it works at all, affects brand shares by either inducing switching or retaining customers who otherwise might switch. There are three possible consequences advertising exposure can have...
This paper proposed a two-stage model to capture some basic relations between attention, comprehension and memory for sentences. According to the model, the first stage of linguistic processing is carried out in short-term memory (MI) and involves a superficial...
This paper presents an experimental investigation of risk taking in the domain of losses. The results are partly compatible with expected utility theory, assuming an inflection point in the utility function over losses. However, overweighting of low probabilities...
This 3-year longitudinal study investigated the development of 82 children's understanding of multidigit number concepts and operations in Grades 1-3. Students were individually interviewed 5 times on a variety of tasks involving base-ten number concepts...
Each year, the American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies, brings together the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease,...
This paper presents nomograIms for calculating the sample size for a clinical trial with survival as an endpoint. The nomograms are valid when survival is exponential and patients enter the study uniformly. 1. Considerations Aflfecting Sample Size This...
Singh T, René A. Arrazola, Catherine G. Corey, Corinne G. Husten, Linda J. Neff, Brian A. King
David Jerison, Carlos E. Kenig, Ellen M. Stein
The estimation of gene flow from the distribution of genetic markers in populations requires an indirect approach. Gene flow parameters are defined by demographic models, and population genetic models provide the link between these parameters and the...
A theory is proposed that unites the universal locative paradigm consisting of the predicate locative, the existential, and the 'have' predication. This is accomplished by deriving all three from a single underlying structure in which a preposition is...
Carol S. Aneshensel, Leonard I. Pearlin, Roberleigh Schuler
1. The purpose of this paper is to show that if one puts arbitrary fixed bounds on the size of certain geometrical quantities associated with a riemannian metric, then the set of diffeomorphism classes of compact ndimensional manifolds admitting a metric...
This article takes as its point of departure an unusual phonological change in a Czech dialect. It then propores a model of phonological change which would make possible the undentanding of structural innovationr in the phonology of a homogeneous speech...
11-year period 1975 through 1985, seven hundred ninety-five patients 90 years of age and older underwent operative procedures at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Overall serious morbidity within 48 hours after surgery was 9.4%, and the mortality was...
In a stratified random sample of adults aged 40 and older, interviewed in Hamilton, Ontario, more than half the respondents indicated that there was someone in their extended family who could be considered a "kinkeeper," someone who works at keeping family...
Until now, polymyxin resistance has involved chromosomal mutations but has never been reported via horizontal gene transfer. During a routine surveillance project on antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli from food animals in China,...
: This tutorial introduces the CMA Evolution Strategy (ES), where CMA stands for Covariance Matrix Adaptation. The CMA-ES is a stochastic, or randomized, method for real-parameter (continuous domain) optimization of non-linear, non-convex functions. We...
This paper is directed at explaining the political choice of voluntary export restr aints as means of restriction of international trade. Tariffs are com pared with voluntary export restraints in a setting of competition be tween candidates for political...
Information contained in medical images differs considerably from that residing in alphanumeric format. The difference can be attributed to four characteristics: (1) the semantics of medical knowledge extractable from images is imprecise; (2) image information...
We provide evidence from field experiments with three different banks that reminder messages increase commitment attainment for clients who recently opened commitment savings accounts. Messages that mention both savings goals and financial incentives...
Economists, it seems, are discovering geography. Over the past decade, a "new trade theory" and "new economics of competitive advantage" have emerged which, among other things, assign a key importance to the role that the internal geography of a nation...
In [A2] and [A3], Arakelov introduces an intersection calculus for arithmetic surfaces, that is, for stable models of curves over a number field. In this paper we intend to show that his intersection product has a lot of useful properties. More precisely,...
A B S'I'RA C' I' Butler and Stokes' authoritative analysis of the British electorate concluded that in general voters' political attitudes were poorly formed and, in consequence, unstable and inconsistent. This paper re-examines this question by developing...
Normal and pollution-enhanced oxy- radical (02-, H202, OH)* production in molluscs have been reviewed and discussed. Additionally, data are presented on the antioxidant enzyme responses and lipid peroxidation effects in diges- tive gland of Mytilus edulis...
IN TWO PREVIOUS STUDIES5 6 the psychiatric practitioner's contention that emotionally disturbed patients do not seek organic treatment for their complaints following the intervention of psychotherapy have been investigated. Although it has long been recognized...
BACKGROUND This article investigates the hypothesis that urban shoppers, in their search for identity, develop shopping orientations which are related to usage rates of some categories of products. This study evolved from our con
SUMMARY The problem of testing a comparison c stuggested by the data is first identified with the mtultiple comparisons problem for the class C of a priori equally plauisible comparisonis. A multiple comparisons dilemma is then illustrated by a simple...
This paper explores the profit-maximizing strategy for a monopolistic firm selling to two national markets simultaneously. The choice of how much to produce and sell in each country, how much to export between the two, and what transfer price to put on...
Two fundamentally different strategies may be employed by very young children learning their first language. The basic assumptions underlying the study of children's language development, however, have provided means for dealing with only one of these...
This study compares the amount of time dual-career husbands and wives spend in housework, relative to their same-sex counterparts in other dual-earner and single-earner households. Data on 1,565 white couples drawn from the 1976 wave of the Panel Study...
Hervé Jacquet, J. A. Shalika
Chai Bin Park, Namhoon Cho
The methods of cyclic reduction and Fourier analysis are reviewed together with the FACR algorithm which combines the two methods. It is shown that the asymptotic operation count of the FACR algorithm for an n X n grid is O(n2 1og2 1og2 n) which compares...
Beth Taylor, Stephen A. McClave, Robert G. Martindale, Johnson Dr, Carol Braunschweig, Mary S. McCarthy, Evangelia Davanos, Gail Cresci, Jane M. Gervasio, Gordon S. Sacks, Pamela R. Roberts, Charlene Compher
Takaki Miwa, Mitsuru Furukawa, Toshiaki Tsukatani, Richard M. Costanzo, Laurence J. DiNardo, Evan R. Reiter
There are 2 dominant views in international business research: the economic and the process view. In this study it is shown that these views give some insight into the complex phenomenon of the int ...
Criminal opportunity theory provides a framework for examining the interaction between potential offenders and potential victims. Criminals' behavior influences the nature and amount of self-protective measures taken by potential victims, and changes...
TWO COMPONENTS of a successful vocabulary program, the nature of the instruction and the frequency of instructional encounters, were examined to determine their relative contribution in improving verbal processing skill. Fourth-grade children received...
The SCOPE programme on the ecology of biological invasions addresses three questions: What are the factors that determine whether a species will become an invader or not? What are the site properties which determine whether an ecological system will be...
1. Summary The age distribution of a random sample, or the "catch curve" from a stationary animal or fish population, provides information on the annual survival rate of the population. The usual assumptions imply that the age distribution in such a population...
Mosti growth models are based either on the assumption of fixed production coefficients for labour and capital or on the assumption of substitutability between factors. The present paper proposes a hypothesis which is a compromise between these extremes,...
Alfonso Sousa-Poza, Fred Henneberger
This article considers the problem of adjusting monthly or quarterly time series to make them accord with independent annual totals or averages without introducing artificial discontinuities. A general approach and some specific procedures involving constrained...
This paper investigates the multirate networked industrial process control problem in double-layer architecture. First, the output tracking problem for sampled-data nonlinear plant at device layer with sampling period $T_{d}$ is investigated using...
A components of variance model for categorical data from unbalanced designs which is directly analogous to a one-way random effects ANO VA modelfor quantitative data is proposed. The variance components provide separate reliability measures for each of...
Variation in school attributes, proximity, and fees across neighborhoods is used to identify factors which affect whether poor households send their children to government school, private school, or no school. Analysis shows that even the poorest households...
Summary Among a nationally representative cohort of young men and women reaching maturity in the late 1970s and early 1980s, over three-fourths of males and half of females
Zhaoyang Yin, Olaf Lechtenfeld
In an effort to contribute to an empirically based "sociology of knowledge application," this paper explores the frames of reference that decision-makers employ in assessing the usefulness of social science research for their work. Analysis of responses...
Summary This paper presents a method for the analysis of ranked data arising from completely randomized factorial designs. The procedure, which is an extension of the Kruskal-Wallis ranks test, allows for the calculation of interaction effects and linear...
Benthic ecologists have successfully applied rarefaction techniques to the problem of compensating for the effect of sample size on apparent species diversity (= species richness). The same method can be used in studies of diversity at higher taxonomic...
Objective-To assess the rolesof plasmatriglyceride and highdensity lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations inpredicting ischaemicheart disease. Design-Two prospectivecohort studies withcommon core protocols. Setting and participants-Both cohorts...
This study of output data for the periods 1866-1914 and 1947-82 shows that much of the apparent stabilization of the postwar economy is an artifact of the way the historical data are constructed. When the methods used to form the historical index of industrial...
A simple statistical model explains price differences between securities that differ in resale provisions-in particular, restricted securities, which can be sold only after a two-year holding period, are compared with publicly traded securities of the...
For an Axiom A flow restricted to a basic set we extend the zeta function to an open set containing W(s) > h where h is the topological entropy. This enables us to give an asymptotic formula for the number of closed orbits by adapting the Wiener-Ikehara...
Several questionnaires are available for assessing physical activity, but few of these instruments have been validated, particularly with respect to energy balance. Twenty-one healthy men 28-55 years old participating in a free-living, controlled feeding...
K. Abe, Y. Haga, Y. Hayato, M. Ikeda, K. Iyogi, Jun Kameda, Yusuke Kishimoto, L. F. Marti, M. Miura, S. Moriyama, M. Nakahata, T. Nakajima, S. Nakayama, A. Orii, H. Sekiya, M. Shiozawa, Y. Sonoda, Akiko Takeda, Hajime Tanaka, Y. Takenaga, S. Tasaka, T. Tomura, Kazue Ueno, T. Yokozawa, Rita de Cássia Akutsu, T. Irvine, H. Kaji, T. Kajita, I. Kametani, K. Kaneyuki, K. P. Lee, Y. Nishimura, T. McLachlan, K. Okumura, E. Richard, L. Labarga, P. Fernandez, F. d. M. Blaszczyk, J. Gustafson, C. Kachulis, E. Kearns, J. L. Raaf, J. L. Stone, L. R. Sulak, S. Berkman, S. Tobayama, M. Goldhaber, K. Bays, G. Carminati, N. J. Griskevich
The numerical technique of the maximum likelihood method to estimate the parameters of Gamma distribution is examined. A convenient table is obtained to facilitate the maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters and the estimates of the variance-covariance...
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