OVERVIEW:The success of a new product development effort hinges on 16 critical factors in five areas: 1) Senior management commitment, which is a key prerequisite for success; 2) Organizational structure and processes that support the venture; 3) Attractive...
To date the primary focus of most constrained approximate optimization strategies is that application of the method should lead to improved designs. Few researchers have focused on the development of constrained approximate optimization strategies that...
John G. Kemeny, Oskar Morgenstern, Gerald L. Thompson
Murray and J. v. Neumann classified factors (i.e., central rings of operators) by means of a "relative dimension function." They studied, extensively, those factors for which this dimension function has a finite range ("finite factors") and showed that...
This study of the palcoecology of four fossil assemblages of large mammals from the late Pleistocene sediments near Fairbanks, Alaska, emphasizes the structure, composition, habitat, and the pat- tern of subsequent extinction of the community. All four...
'Ad-Verbs' modify (i.e. 'change') verbs. Adverbs internal to a VP are Ad-Verbs modifying the verb that heads that VP. VP-external adverbs may be interpreted as Ad-Verbs only with respect to some higher verb (e.g. an auxiliary or a 'verb' in the translation...
The EHP sequence is based on a result of James [J] who showed that there is H a map H such that S _> Q Sn+- > S2n+1 is a fibration when localized at 2. The map Sn ..> Sn+ is usually labeled E. The boundary homomorphism in the homotopy sequence is usually...
Introduction. Of the many generalized homology theories available, very few are computable in practice except for the simplest of spaces. Standard homology and K-theory are the only ones which can be considered somewhat accessible. In recent years, complex...
The study reported examined effects of strength of ethnic identification, media placement, and ad racial composition on attitudes and purchase intentions among African-Americans. The effects of the independent variables were assessed via a two (strong...
if and only if 5F splits W[. The extension of this result is the main object of the present paper. In contrast with the method of Witt, which uses the theory of the arithmetics of these function fields, the present method aims to obtain a generic condition...
This study develops an integrated assessment approach for analysis of the economic potential for carbon sequestration in agricultural soils. By linking a site-specific economic simulation model of agricultural production to a crop ecosystem model, the...
For many cropping situations, especially in developinig countries, quadratic surfaces do not fit the responses of cer tain crops to fertilizer. Use of the seconid or der designs with stanidard statistical anid econiomic interpretive techniques may result...
and deals with the food and feeding habits of the pike and the relationship of these to other fish in the lake. The pike were taken from both north and south basins of Windermere. The lake has an area of 51 square miles (14 sq.km.) and a mean depth of...
eters of populations. In this paper we employ this technique in an analysis of the evolutionary genetics of the genus Lacerta in the Adriatic region. We compare genetic similarity among populations and species to obtain a quantitative estimate of related
Labeling theory posits that people labeled mentally ill experience negative societal reactions. Past research on this question is contradictory, due primarily to methodological problems. This study overcomes some of these problems by having respondents...
constant negatively curved n-dimensional manifolds with arbitrarily large first Betti number. In fact we show that any constant negatively curved manifold whose fundamental group is an arithmetic group commensurable with the group of units of a quadratic...
Importance Definitions of sepsis and septic shock were last revised in 2001. Considerable advances have since been made into the pathobiology (changes in organ function, morphology, cell biology, biochemistry, immunology, and circulation), management,...
Howard E. McCurdy, Robert E. Cleary
The traditional view that party identification develops at an early age, is remarkably stable throughout life, and is relatively unaffected by other political attitudes has been recently challenged by evidence that adult partisanship is in fact quite...
There are definite patterns for the organization of production on agricultural land. Production of some crops tends to be organized via wage contracts, while land sown to other crops tends to be rented, and still other crops are most frequently sharecropped....
With increasing incidence and mortality, cancer is the leading cause of death in China and is a major public health problem. Because of China’s massive population (1.37 billion), previous national incidence and mortality estimates have been limited...
Why did the Japanese stock market lose most of its value between 1989 and 1992? To help answer this and related questions, the authors have collected parallel time-series data from market participants in both Japan and the United States, 1989-94, on their...
This paper studies the pricing of volatility risk using the first-order conditions of a long-term equity investor who is content to hold the aggregate equity market rather than tilting towards value stocks and other equity portfolios that are attractive...
This study examines the influence of neighborhood poverty and social networks on labor market experiences of less-educated urban job seekers. Data come from the Multi-City Survey of Urban Inequality and the 1990 decennial census. Results indicate that...
examine its homotopy groups which, after a certain idealization of the space, turn out to be astonishingly simple. In fact for complex projective space pn the structure can be understood completely. This yields new information about the topology of the...
SUMMARY Methods, which are extensions of the techniques of Box and Cox [19641, are proposed for obtaining data-based transformations of multivariate observations to enhance the normality of their distribution and also possibly to simplify the model (e.g....
Arne L. Kalleberg, Rachel A. Rosenfeld
This study explores the role of multiorganizational fields in recruitment to social movements. We study applicants to the 1964 Mississippi Freedom Summer project from two sites: the University of California at Berkeley and the University of Wisconsin...
The problem of aggregating individual preference orderings to form a social ordering took a new turn when Arrow organized the subject abstractly. We study here his celebrated theorem that five plausible conditions on the method of aggregation are inconsistent....
Numerous previous studies have used sibling correlations to measure the importance of family background as a determinant of economic status. The sibling correlations estimated in these studies, however, have been depressed by a failure to distinguish...
Evidensbaserad omvardnad definieras i denna bok som bade ett forhallningssatt och en process. Forhallningssattet innebar en vilja att anvanda basta tillgangliga vetenskapliga bevis som underlag for vardbeslut. Processen bestar i hur man praktiskt gar...
This paper extends to boundary problems the analysis of the powers of an elliptic system of operators given in [6]. The results depend on the analysis of the resolvent given in [7], and this paper is a continuation of that one. We will think of that earlier...
This paper links the sharp drop in US manufacturing employment after 2000 to a change in US trade policy that eliminated potential tariff increases on Chinese imports. Industries more exposed to the change experience greater employment loss, increased...
The relationship between religious homogamy and marital satisfaction is examined utilizing log-linear models. Inclusion of the separate effects of husband's and wife's religion on marital satisfaction allows us to control for the potentially spurious...
services. Utilizing a prospective diary method with a random sample of 96 female users of a neighborhood health center, bivariate analysis indicate that the presence of stress on a given day is associated with an approximate doubling of the probability...
We define a new kind of cross product of a C*-algebra by semigroups of endomorphisms with properties related to permutation symmetry and the existence of conjugates. A compact group is then defined intrinsically by its dual action on the cross product....
The theory of ordinary differential equations with regular singularities has been well studied and has become one of the most fundamental fields of analysis. But the regular singularities of differential equations with several variables have not been...
The use of the principle of minimum information, or equivalently the principle of maximum entropy, has been advocated by a number of authors over recent years both in statistical physics as well as more generally in statistical inference.' It has perhaps...
M. Laurentius Marais, James M. Patell, Mark A. WOLFSONt
The purpose of this paper is to review current ideas of agricultural development in the sub-tropical and temperate parts of the western Old World and to suggest that the small scale and restricted extent of early cultivation systems gave them a unique...
metals affect aquatic organisms to various degrees. Fishes seem to be the most studied group, and the literature is replete with the results of studies that have been made on numerous species.1 Many metals are harmful to aquatic organisms depending on...
C. G. Khatri, C. Radhakrishna Rao
This paper identifies four paradoxes of parties. These paradoxes illustrate not only substantive problems in their own right but also diverse ways that formal models can help to define and address problems in legislative research. Models are shown to...
Scientists have long attempted to explain why closely similar age patterns of death are characteristic of highly diverse human and non human populations....Early efforts [to develop a general law of mortality] were conducted using mortality curves based...
This paper constitutes a slight departure from editorial policy for AERJ. Far from contributing to general knowledge through empirical analysis, the paper is meant to serve a self-referent and practical purpose. It is meant to signify to the discipline...
Using semi-structured interviews, we examined teachers' understanding of bullying of children in their classes. Although teachers' definitions of bullying included both direct and indirect behaviours, several factors influenced how they characterized...
Paul R. Carr, Thomas R. Klassen
Federal and state regulatory agencies have traditionally used rate-of-return regulation to set profit and rate levels for utilities. A "price cap" framework, in which the regulatory agency sets a maximum rate below which the regulated utility has pricing...
The relationship between a brand's share of users and its loyal franchise is investigated. Using TGI data on consumer purchase habits covering 1,000 brands in 86 product classes, it is found that brands with a larger share of users have proportionately...
How do individuals form expectations about future inflation? We propose that individuals overweight inflation experienced during their lifetimes. This approach modifies existing adaptive learning models to allow for age-dependent updating of expectations...
solution to the isotonic regression problem also provides a solution to the dual problem. We prove this independently of Fenchel's duality theorem using only wellknown properties of the isotonic regression. An inventory problem and a problem of estimating...
An analysis of bureaucratic structure is based on data from 156 American public personnel agencies. Whereas a professional staff was expected to reduce the need for many managers, the opposite is actually the case. Lack of professionalization tends to...
In this paper the economic order quantity formulation is extended to include the case where the quantity received from the supplier does not necessarily match the quantity requisitioned. The best order quantity turns out to depend upon only the mean and...
The focus of the paper is the optimization of condition-based maintenance decisions within the contexts of physical asset management. In particular, the analysis of a preventive replacement policy of the control-limit type for a deteriorating system subject...
An algorithm has been found for inverting the problem of geomagnetic induction in a concentrically stratified Earth. It determines the (radial) conductivity distribution from the frequency spectrum of the ratio of internal to external magnetic potentials...
Although there are studies of the portrayal of blacks in magazine ads and television commercials, information regarding Hispanic portrayals in this regard is quite limited. This paper uses content analysis to determine how both of these minority groups...
The literature on reporting error provides insights into the quality of retrospective reports, particularly as it pertains to short-tern recall. Less is understood about the generalizability of these findings to longer-tern retrospective reports. We review...
1. B. Mazur [10] and M. Brown [2] have contributed to a general theorem on the unknotting of (n - 1)-spheres in the n-sphere. In its most recent form [4], it states that if X is a subset of the n-sphere Sn, where X is homeomorphic to Sn-1, and if X satisfies...
On the basis of balance theory, corporate sponsorship of a well-liked charitable event is hypothesized to result in significant enhancement of consumer-perceived corporate community relations. However, on the basis of attribution theory, it is proposed...
This study examines factors affecting cooperation in public goods settings involving relatively small groups. In particular, the gender composition of the group and the history of the group's level of cooperation are investigated. Three game-theoretical...
This paper describes a methodological technique proportional hazards models which allows researchers to investigate variations in the number timing and sequence of [family] life-course transitions in a multivariate framework. The technique is illustrated...
This paper explores the relationship between the intensity of product market competition and firms’ incentives to resort to illegal means to lower their production costs. To this end, our framework combines a crime model a la Becker with a Salop circle....
David Lowery, William D. Berry
Beth Taylor, Stephen A. McClave, Robert G. Martindale, Malissa Warren, Debbie R. Johnson, Carol Braunschweig, Mary S. McCarthy, Evangelia Davanos, Todd W. Rice, Gail Cresci, Jane M. Gervasio, Gordon S. Sacks, Pamela R. Roberts, Charlene Compher
Background—Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been shown to improve symptoms compared with conservative medical treatment in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD); however, there is limited evidence on the effect of PCI on the...
This study, involving 222 MSW students from two universities, examined the impact of a fall 1993 course on societal oppression. Pre- and post-tests designed to measure belief in a just world and commitment to social justice were administered to two comparison...
to look at the systems idea not as an ephemeral fashion or recent technique, but in the context of the history of ideas. (For an introduction and a survey of the field see [15], with an extensive bibliography and Suggestions for Further Reading in the...
pendicular to the straight line joining their centers. The question presents itself whether these are the only minimal surfaces bounded by the two circles. The answer is in the affirmative, and we therefore have explicit examples of curves in space bounding...
The 1994 congressional elections were dramatic. The Republicans won control of the U.S. House, ending the longest continuous reign by a single party in the nation's history and including the defeat of a sitting Speaker for the first time this century....
GATA3 expression has been reported in urothelial and breast carcinomas; however, the published data on GATA3 expression in tumors from other organs are limited. Immunohistochemical evaluation of GATA3 expression in 1,110 carcinomas and 310 cases of normal...
We re-examine the common wisdom that cross-border mergers are the most effective merger strategy for firms facing powerful unions. In contrast, we obtain a domestic merger outcome whenever firms are sufficiently heterogeneous (in terms of productive efficiency...
OBJECTIVES. This article describes the extent and nature of hospital restructuring across the United States, Canada, and Western Europe, countries with differently organized and financed health-care systems, and assesses the feasibility of international...
In a prior article appearing in this journal, Kinney [1971] presents some preliminary evidence concerning the relative predictive ability of segment versus consolidated data in estimating future total-entity earnings of diversified companies. His study...
This article argues that the current debate concerning the status of modern hunter-gatherers has so far ignored a critical question, namely, how they carry out their 'other' subsistence activities and combine them with hunting and gathering. It shows...
Laura Kann, Emily O'Malley Olsen, Tim McManus, Steve Kinchen, David Chyen, William A. Harris, Henry Wechsler, Centers for Disease Control (Cdc), Prevention
Dirk Ferus, Franz Pedit, Ulrich Pinkall
Masanori Sugiyama, Makoto Tokuhara
Roosecelis Brasil Martines, Julu Bhatnagar, Keating Mk, Luciana Silva-Flannery, Atis Muehlenbachs, Joy Gary, Cynthia S. Goldsmith, Gillian Hale, Jana M. Ritter, Dominique Rollin, Wun-Ju Shieh, Kleber Giovanni Luz, Ana Maria de Oliveira Ramos, Helaine Pompeia Freire Davi, Kleber de Oliveria W, Robert S. Lanciotti, Amy J. Lambert, Sherif R. Zaki
to those used in the well-known theory of the two-point correlation. In the particular case of isotropic turbulence, the necessary extensions to the existing invariant theory lead to the result that the three-point correlation is completely defined by...
In this paper, we establish weak continuity results for quasilinear elliptic and subellip tic operators of divergence form, acting on corresponding classes of subharmonic functions. These results are analogous to our earlier results for fully nonlinear...
The ideas to be presented in this paper emerge from a phenomenological approach to the sociological enterprise. In particular they derive from Husserl's directive to respect "the originary right of all data." Such respect entails setting aside belief...
Disagreements about the nature of global capitalist restructuring often arise from different conceptions of the degree to which economic practice is socially embedded. Scholars who follow an economistic view believe that sociocultural relations are either...
1. Introduction. We study a mapping f of a partially analytic space K into n-dimensional complex affine space Cn. A partially analytic space K is a Hausdorff topological space which is a countable union of conditionally compact open sets, which is locally...
The literature on the determinants of popular mobilization and social movements is rich with theoretical insights concerning the role of a variety of factors, from the generation of grievances by changing socioeconomic structures to the assistance of...
Microeconomic theories of industry evolution reserve key roles for the entry and exit of firms. Competitive models of industry supply often assume that individual firms have Ushaped long run average cost curves; in consequence, an industry's output adjustment...
Experimental methods involving imperfect information are used to generate group choices of principles of distributive justice. Conditions approximating John Rawls's "original position" in A Theory of Justice serve as the starting point, and his conjectures...
Recent studies have suggested that the relationship between social status and criminality is weak to nonexistent. They have also suggested that if status effects are present, they are observable only when crime is measured officially and not when it is...
This paper presents incidence and prevalence data gathered from the first Canadian national representative sample survey on the sexual, physical, and psychological victimization of women in university/college dating relationships. The results, derived...
extent to which product prices respond to exchange-rate-induced changes in costs. This research has revealed that the percentage change in the prices of imported goods is smaller than the percentage change in exchange rates of the exporting country and...
Much of the literature on political support is of little use to policy makers or those attempting to understand ordinary politics, because the concepts guiding research have focused attention on extreme cases of little relevance. If we are to interpret...
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